Telecom
Current and New Dimensions for SATCOM Network Services Driving IoT & IoE for 5G

By Andrew Aroh
- Today Access to the Satellite resources is as simple as pointing the dish and transmitting/receiving: This is because Satellite Coverage is Ubiquitous, the bandwidth is instantly available and it can be directed /redirected without any last mile issues.

- Satellite communications enhances economic, educational and health standards more than any other form of technology. In turn, higher economic and social standards are attracting foreign investment, which creates employment opportunities which leads to increased exports, which yields stronger hard currency earnings.
- Increasingly, there is a recognition by regulators, operators and service providers that new job opportunities, foreign investment, and digital economic strength are counted among the many advantages of permitting the provision of effective broadband communications.
- In SATCOM digital realization, we are looking at payload with high-speed and low power characteristics, whilst having radiation hardness.
- The frequency spectrum for broadband (Ka-band/V-band) has higher power and therefore will be used for high-bandwidth interactive services such as high-speed internet, video conferencing and multimedia applications.
- Note that NGN is expected to integrate wired/cabled and wireless networks into an all-IP network. Based on the above, a rejoinder to WRC-19 has shown that the following characteristics are vital for essential communications operation of NGNs:
- Coverage
- Capacity/throughput
- Flexibility/scalability
- Interoperability
- Access & control
- Quality-of-service
- Protection/Security
- The required increases in spectrum will provide the following:
- Continuous connection
- Greater capacity
- More data
- More users
- Faster speed
- Faster response time (latency) for connections.
- 5G is accompanied with development of Architectures leveraging Network Function virtualization (NFV) and software defined networking (SDN) both at the core and edge of the network providing:
- Increased computing power
- Scalability
- Reduced operating cost
- Business models to enable differentiation
- 5G will push the boundaries of throughput and capacity further beyond that of 4G to enable newer types of applications and services in the domain of:
- Health
- Transport
- Entertainment
- Machine-to-machine communications
- Security etc.
- 5G is virtually instantaneous opening up a new world of connected applications/devices (IoTs) leading to a huge shift towards a landscape dominated by WIRELESS CONNECTIVITY
- ITU SATELLITE CORE DESIGN PRINCIPLES (Development philosophy) which drives innovation in ICT:
- Make it simple, efficient, scalable, work anyplace, anytime no matter what the connectivity requirements
- The Technology is developed to a universal set of requirements (outlined below) to enable service providers to meet any customer need no matter the application, bandwidth, or satellite network topology:
- Everything is integrated
- Efficiency rules
- Scalability pays
- Flexibility matters
- Intuitive management prevails
- How do you prorate a new ICT device/product:
- Allows customers to generate new revenues
- Enhance Network performance
- Reduce Operating Cost
- Can operate with multiple carriers of different bandwidths.
- A new dimension in efficient satellite network solution:
- Features:
- Multi-frequency TDMA (MF-TDMA)
- Full mesh, star or hybrid (virtual network)
- Bandwidth on demand through DAMA
- Based on IP suite for internet
- Delivers cost-effective VoIP, Data, Video, DVB/DVB-S/DNB-S2/Extension
- From 105Mbps to 50Mbps or more to the Gbps range
- Multimedia
- True Broadband Triple-play:
- The emerging true broadband services are a combination of:
- Voice (making calls)
- Data (social media; email, browsing)
- Video (news, sports, entertainment, TV and broadcast; training, movies.)
- Most of these streaming and file-transfer based services have converged towards IP. Through a multiservice platform the different service over IP can be combined either in the Hub or the remote into a single carrier for efficient transfer at optimal service availability over a combination of fiber + terrestrial wireless + space wireless using ochestrantion.
- For true broadband (broadband 2.0) experience over satellite, the satellite MODEMs and terminals in the network implement the most efficient technologies:
- Adaptive code modulation (ACM) in the forward link.
- Adaptive return technologies using automatic in-route-selection (AIS)
- Embedded IP traffic enhancement software (aka cross-layer-optimization) through
- TCP acceleration
- Pre-fetching
- Compression/decompression
- The emerging true broadband services are a combination of:
- SEAMLESS INTEGRATION TO CREATE TRANSPARENT LAN SERVICES (TLS)
- With convergance in ICT we need integrated BROADBAND ACCESS & NETWORK PLANNING which provides high-speed data service that allows for the inter connection of different LANs across an extended campus, metropolitan area or nation network.
- Using VLANs Gigobit range LAN interface (such as 11011000Mbps Ethernet), TLS provides a much simpler solution to the customer for connection of disperate sites than other forms of WAN, such as frame relay or ATM.
- We need products and solutions that enable:
- Information exchange
- Accelerate information flow
- Ensure information delivery
- To make data communications systems:
- Faster
- More reliable
- More interoperable
- Standards-Based Satellite & Terrestrial RF Network Gateway Applications include:
- IP-over-Satellite Links
- IP over tactical/terrestrial wireless links
- IP over wired/cabled terrestrial links
- End-to-end communications over wireless links, with mobile nodes implementing space communications protocol standards by extending TCP/IP to maximize throughput and link utilization in the lossy, high-latency, asymmetric bandwidth environment typical of space and tactical/terrestrial RF communications links.
- Seamless integration with existing IP and Satellite/wireless RF network infrastructure transparent to most network functions.
- Support for BGP routing protocol for integration with existing IP network infrastructure and migration to IPV6.
INTERNET OF THINGS:
- The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to machine-to-machine communications.
- The IoT continues to grow as devices proliferate.
- Cisco estimates that 50 billion devices will be connected to the internet by 2020 and those connections will communicate data to analyze, plan, manage and make intelligent decisions autonomously.
- Connected IoT device like UAS sensors will keep soldiers and commanders connected to data needed to respond to the ever-changing battle field.
- When combined with collaboration and analytics, IoT data becomes part of a broader IoE (Internet of Everything) environment that promises to create a real-time information advantage.
- As the multitude of CONNECTED SENSORS and DEVICES grows while at the same time video surveillance and applications leverage the internet, the importance of physical and network security becomes even more critical.
THE INTERNET OF EVERYTHING
- The internet of everything (IoE) is a catalyst to take IoT to the next level by combining people, processes and technology with connected devices, sensors and other machines. This integration of IoT with human communications collaboration and analytical elements enables real-time decision advantages.
- The opportunity with IoE comes from its ability to link components via intelligent, programmable network.
- IoT is a critical part of this evolution, in which physical objects like vehicles, weapons and unmanned vehicles are connected to secure networks to create information dominance.
- The IoE is serving as a catalyst to change the landscape of the IT industry while transforming how to leverage network-based solutions.
- For defense, IoE holds the power to connect the battlefield with the digital world in ways that promise to fundamentally change military operations.
- An integrated architecture for IoE creates interconnected physical and virtual environments that combine IoT devices with secure virtualization, mobility, unified communications and other advanced technologies.
- The proliferation of unstructured imager and video data from a variety of sensors is creating new:
- Capture
- Storage
- Computing
- Exploitation opportunities
- To accommodate an influx of new devices without sacrificing security, they must be managed as part of an integrated architecture for IoE.
- The framework should leverage commercial product to avoid unnecessary government-modified devices that are more expensive to field manage and support.
- Security measures will be critical for protecting data on classified networks.
- Architecture suited to support IoE will include:
- Compute
- Storage
- Virtualization assets in the data center
- Secure network fabric for connectivity
- Voice and video-enabled secure mobile infrastructure
- Battlefield sensors
- Virtualization combined with advanced security from the network to application levels are essential to allowing high secure access to sensitive and classified information on multiple networks while lowering the risk of vulnerabilities.
- When properly designed and deployed, IoE will help to realize the vision of net-centric warfare while proving technology advantage for our connected war fighters.
- INTERNET OF EVERYTHING COULD TRANSFORM THE BATTLEFIELD: EVERYTHING CONNECTED.
- Today’s military is adapting to asymmetrical warfare and an evolving real-time threat matrix that require new approaches to military operations.
- In the midst of a technological shift from the fixed location work models of the PC era to the mobile, social, virtual and collaborative models of today, information advantage has become more important than overwhelming force.
- To address those needs the military is taking a leap forward by adopting new technologies and incorporating them into existing environment – all without sacrificing security and the ability to manage complex systems.
- The integration of military technology also unification of computing, storage and networks with sensors, devices and collaborative application.
- Security concerns surrounding IoE will be particularly important for military operators connecting to classified networks. Hence, network-aware intelligence and end-to-end physical security for video and all networked sensors must be at the heart of any military IoE solution.
- Today’s missions require ongoing, untethered interactions between soldiers, decision makers, subject matter experts and machines.
- Unification of sensors, video, voice, data collaboration and secure mobile computing is delivering next-generation battlefield capabilities.
- The potential exists to combine IoE technologies with big data analytics, trusted multilevel security capabilities, software-defined networks and virtualization – aware network infrastructure to deliver an integrated architecture for the battlefield.
- THE PROMISE AND CHALLENGE OF THE NEW CENTURY HIGH OVERHEADS.
- Advanced Satellite systems make vital contributions every day to:
- Science
- Connecting citizens and business for Internet of Things (IoT) as well as Internet of Everything (IoE).
- Gathering weather data for aviation, weather forecasting & climate change.
- Sending navigational signals for tracking, monitoring & control.
- Mapping earth, the planets and deep space & sea for information and security
- Defense
- Etc
- Advanced Satellite systems make vital contributions every day to:
- CURRENT AND NEW GENERATION SATELLITE NETWORKING TECHNOLOGY INCLUDES:
- Data networking constellations using LEOs & MEOs.
- New Generation Commercial Satellites with onboard processing (OBP) systems.
- New Military Satellites, such as SBIRS
- Next Generation Smaller Terminals
- CONCLUDING REMARKS: MAJOR TECHNICAL TRENDS COMMON TO COMMERCIAL AND MILITARY USERS:
- More powerful satellites are emerging
- More bps per Hertz
- Larger antennas onboard the Satellites
- More power are produced from the satellites
- Use of Ka-band, V-band and mmW increases bandwidth availability for mass market broadband
- Adaptive coding and Modulation to get even more bps per hertz (most of the time!)
- Standards are reducing the size and cost of earth station baseband equipment
- Continued move towards use of IP networking over satellite.
- More powerful satellites are emerging
- Andrew Aroh is President of SSPI Nigeria
Telecom
GBB Says Cross-border Partnerships Key to Africa’s Digital Transformation

Galaxy Backbone Limited (GBB) has said that sustained collaboration among African countries remains central to the continent’s drive toward digital transformation.

The organisation stressed that building secure, interoperable and inclusive digital systems across Africa cannot be achieved in isolation, calling for stronger regional partnerships to accelerate innovation and shared infrastructure development.
The position was contained in a statement issued on Sunday by the Head of Corporate Communications at Galaxy Backbone, Chidi Okpala.
As it prepares to host a major delegation of policymakers, technology leaders and development partners in Abuja, GBB said the engagement would further highlight the importance of cross-border cooperation in shaping Africa’s digital future.
Okpala explained that the initiative is designed to provide both dialogue and practical exposure to Nigeria’s digital infrastructure ecosystem.
According to him, the visit will allow delegates to better understand how shared ICT systems are supporting governance and service delivery in the country.
“This engagement will provide an opportunity for African stakeholders to not only discuss policy frameworks but also see firsthand how digital public infrastructure is being deployed to improve efficiency, connectivity and innovation in the public sector,” Okpala said.
He added that GBB’s hosting role reflects its growing importance in advancing digital governance and infrastructure development across the continent.
“Galaxy Backbone is increasingly positioned as a key enabler of trusted digital infrastructure, and this engagement reinforces that role within Nigeria and beyond,” he noted.
Speaking ahead of the programme, the Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer of Galaxy Backbone, Professor Ibrahim Adeyanju, said the future of Africa’s digital economy depends on the ability of countries to work together in building resilient systems.
“No single country can achieve the level of transformation required on its own. We must share knowledge, align strategies, and invest in systems that can serve the entire continent,” Adeyanju said.
According to the statement, the engagement will feature a continental dialogue themed “Building Africa’s Digital Foundations Together,” bringing together stakeholders from 11 African countries in Abuja.
The programme is being organised in partnership with Co-Develop, Smart Africa, and MicroSave Consulting, with discussions expected to focus on Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI), digital identity systems, secure connectivity, interoperability frameworks, and inclusive digital ecosystems.
GBB said delegates will also undertake a guided tour of its infrastructure and facilities in Abuja, where they will be exposed to Nigeria’s digital transformation journey and the systems supporting cloud services, cybersecurity, government connectivity, and digital platforms.
The company noted that the tour is intended to demonstrate how shared ICT infrastructure is strengthening governance and enabling more efficient public service delivery.
Participants are expected to explore practical pathways for accelerating the deployment of digital public infrastructure to support economic growth and institutional reforms across Africa.
GBB maintained that the initiative also confirms Nigeria’s position as a regional hub for digital innovation and infrastructure development, while deepening cooperation among African nations.
Telecom
Nigerians Lose N12.5bBn to Telecom-Related Financial Crimes – PwC

Nigerians lost about N12.5 billion to telecom-related financial crimes from 2019 to January 2023, underscoring the scale and persistence of this threat to the telecommunications industry, PwC Nigeria has said, citing data from the Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC).

PwC, in its latest report, ‘AI’s Dual Role in Telecom Fraud: Why Artificial Intelligence is Both a Threat and a Shield for Telcos’, said the growing adoption of AI by fraudsters is amplifying the frequency and impact of fraud.
The report said fraud has long been a persistent challenge in the telecoms landscape, leading to substantial financial losses for customers and reputational damages for telecommunication companies (telcos).
PwC’s latest report, ‘AI’s dual role in telecom fraud’, highlights global trends in how AI is reshaping both the threats and defences in telecommunications.
The publication examined what these shifts mean for operators in the local market and how they can stay ahead by adopting proactive, AI driven fraud management strategies.
It offered insights into how AI is enabling more sophisticated fraud schemes, from deepfake social engineering to automated attacks; the emerging role of AI powered detection and monitoring tools in strengthening fraud prevention frameworks.
The report also gave practical steps for telecom operators to balance innovation, resilience, and customer trust in an AI driven fraud ecosystem.
PwC noted that the impact of fraud on telecommunications companies is far-reaching, resulting in financial losses, reputational damage, and compliance issues.
The report said for instance, that in 2023, global telecom fraud was estimated at $38.95 billion.
It, however, stated that in Nigeria, where telecom acts as a key gateway to financial services through Unstructured Supplementary Service Data (USSD) and some are moving into fintech, these evolving risks place added pressure on operators.
The report stated that while operators have developed systems and controls to manage these risks, the sector’s expansion into adjacent domains (such as mobile money and payment service banking) is blurring the traditional boundaries of telecom fraud.
“The result is a more complex and interconnected risk environment, where both the frequency and impact of fraud are escalating. Adding to this complexity is the rapid pace of technological advancement.
For instance, Russian cybersecurity firm F6 reported a rise in SIM swapping incidents, particularly related to the shift to eSIM technology. These fraudsters are hijacking phone numbers and bypassing security measures to access bank accounts,” the report said.
The report, authored by Udochi Muogilim, Partner and Technology, Media and Telecommunications Leader, PwC Nigeria, and Adeola Adekunle, associate director, Forensic Services, however, said as AI continues to mature, it is reshaping the fraud landscape—introducing heightened threats and powerful new tools.
“On one hand, AI can be exploited to scale and automate fraud schemes with unprecedented sophistication. On the other, it equips telcos with advanced capabilities for fraud detection, prevention, and response.
“This dual role—AI as both a tool and a target—underscores the urgent need for Nigerian telecom players to adopt AI thoughtfully and strategically.
“Navigating this evolving landscape requires more than just investment in technology; it demands a deep understanding of what’s happening today in the world of technological disruption, and what’s to come,” the experts stated.
The report reiterated that telecom fraud affects a wide range of stakeholders, from individual consumers facing unauthorised charges to large corporations suffering reputation damage.
“The combination of AI and various fraud types significantly increases the success rate of these schemes.
“Furthermore, the global nature of telecommunications networks allows fraud to swiftly cross borders, complicating efforts to investigate and prosecute offenders, thus presenting a pressing concern for telecom companies and their regulators,” PwC said.
The firm, however, emphasised that AI has the potential to revolutionise how telecom companies and regulators combat fraud while enhancing the quality of service, ultimately fostering greater trust among consumers.
To fully harness this potential, PwC said it is crucial for industry players to stay informed about evolving technology trends and anticipate future challenges.
This awareness, it added, will empower them to leverage AI’s capabilities for more effective fraud prevention and the proactive management of emerging fraud types, all while adhering to responsible AI principles.
“A well-coordinated combination of the right resources and strategic alliances will enable the industry to make a significant impact in the fight against telecom fraud and build a safer, more efficient telecommunications ecosystem,” PwC affirmed.
The firm even went a notch higher by offering to help industry players and stakeholders turn fraud-related friction into forward movement, powered by the right technology.
“We bring trust and transparency to the heart of your decision-making, helping you use AI, data and tech to reduce the risk of fraud, respond swiftly to breaches, and emerge stronger—so you can prepare your business for what’s next,” PwC offered.
Telecom
NITDA Showcases Nigeria’s Startup Framework as Model for Angola

National Information Technology Development Agency (NITDA) has reaffirmed its commitment to building a coordinated and inclusive digital ecosystem in Nigeria, further strengthening its role as an ecosystem orchestrator.

NITDA
This was disclosed during a working visit centred on Nigeria’s startup ecosystem framework, where the Director General of NITDA, Kashifu Inuwa, was represented by the Director of Stakeholders Management and Partnerships, Dr Aristotle Onumo.
Speaking during the visit, the DG said NITDA was established to drive coordinated and sustainable information technology development in Nigeria, leveraging both its regulatory and developmental mandates, serving as an ecosystem orchestrator that fosters collaboration, innovation, and growth across the digital economy.
He stated that these reforms are aligned with the Federal Government’s Eight-Point Agenda and reflected in NITDA’s Strategic Roadmap and Action Plan (SRAP 2.0), which is built around eight strategic pillars designed to accelerate the growth of Nigeria’s digital economy.
According to him, a key objective of the roadmap is to position Nigeria as a technologically driven nation that promotes inclusive economic development through innovation. He highlighted digital literacy as a major priority, with NITDA targeting 70 percent digital literacy by 2027 under the National Digital Literacy Framework, with a long-term goal of achieving 95 percent by 2030.
Other priority areas, he said, include ecosystem development, IT talent advancement, expansion of digital infrastructure, policy implementation, and research-driven innovation.
The visiting delegation from Angola’s National Institute of Support for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (INAPEM), led by Chairman of the Board of Directors (PCA) and Chief Executive Officer, Bráulio Augusto, commended Nigeria’s progress in implementing the Nigeria Startup Act and described the country as a valuable model for shaping Angola’s own startup legislation.
Augusto disclosed that Angola’s Startup Law has received initial parliamentary approval and is now entering the implementation stage. He expressed interest in understanding how Nigeria transitioned from legal adoption to practical execution, particularly in areas such as startup labelling, incentive management, ecosystem mapping, investor registration, and the operation of the Nigeria Startup Portal.
According to him, Angola is currently developing the Startup Angola Programme under its Digital Entrepreneurship Support Programme, aimed at building a structured and integrated startup ecosystem rather than isolated interventions.
The programme will focus on institutional strengthening, startup funding, support for business development service providers, expansion of innovation hubs, and partnerships with international accelerators.
He added that Nigeria’s experience is especially relevant as Angola seeks solutions to challenges including informality, limited access to finance, youth unemployment, digital inclusion gaps, and restricted market access for small and medium-sized enterprises.
The INAPEM chief also requested further technical insights into Nigeria’s National Startup Council, its member selection process, and the governance structure of the Nigeria Startup Portal.
The visit highlights growing collaboration among African nations in digital policy development and further reinforces Nigeria’s position as a reference point in shaping startup ecosystem frameworks across the continent.
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