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Scientists Find Combo Drugs that Kill Lung Cancer

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There is hope for lung cancer sufferers worldwide as a breakthrough research has found that the use of two existing drugs could successfully treat the disease.

 

The study delves deep into the molecular survival kit of lung tumours.

 

Many cancer deaths are driven by the KRAS oncogene. KRAS is an essential gene, but in its mutant form, it is an important step in the generation of many types of cancer.

 

For over 30 years, the KRAS oncogene has been a focus of research. Finding a way to remove its teeth would be pivotal in the treatment of a range of cancers.

 

As part of this effort, rather than targeting the gene directly, some scientists have focused on pathways that are related to the errant gene.

 

One pathway of interest centres on insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). This pathway helps to regulate the uptake of nutrients into the cell, providing it with the energy and raw ingredients it needs to grow.

 

If the tumour cell’s fuel supply could be severed, its onward march might be halted. However, it is not clear whether KRAS oncogenes are reliant on this particular pathway, and, in clinical trials, results have not been encouraging.

 

In fact, one study in mice found that lung tumours actually became more aggressive after the pathway was suppressed.

 

Attacking KRAS-related pathways

Undeterred, a team from the Boston Children’s Hospital in Massachusetts used a fresh approach. In the mouse study mentioned above, the insulin/IGF-1 signalling pathway was only partially closed off. In the latest study, though, a genetic technique was used that shut it down entirely.

 

To do this, the scientists crossed two strains of genetically modified mice. The first is a well-used model for KRAS-driven lung cancer, and the other is a mouse used to study diabetes that lacks insulin/IGF-1 signalling.

 

In the diabetes mouse model, the insulin/IGF-1 pathway is unshackled by the deletion of two genes: Irs1 and Irs2. These encode “adaptor” proteins, which are essential for the smooth running of the insulin/IGF-1 pathway.

 

“Our study uses a robust way to block insulin/IGF-1 signalling and addresses a long-standing question in KRAS-mutant lung cancer. When you use genetics, results can be more conclusive,” said senior study author Nada Kalaany, Ph.D, an assistant professor at Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA

 

Using their new model, the scientists demonstrated that by suppressing the two adaptor proteins, insulin/IGF-1 signalling is blocked and lung tumours are significantly suppressed:

 

“Almost all animals in this lung cancer model typically die within 15 weeks of KRAS activation,” says Kalaany. “But, the ones that lost both Irs1 and Irs2 were completely fine — we saw almost no tumours at 10 to 15 weeks.”

 

This finding is important because drugs that block insulin/IGF-1 signalling are already in use and freely available.

 

The results are published this week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. While the preliminary findings are hopeful, the researchers knew that there was more work to be done; cancer is a complex, ever-morphing disease with a terrifying knack for circumventing medical interventions.

 

Outfoxing lung cancer

To observe whether the cancer cells were able to navigate around this new roadblock, the team let the animals live longer to see what happened next.

 

As Kalaany explains, “Sure enough, at around 16 weeks, we started seeing some tumours. So, then we asked, how were these tumour cells able to overcome loss of Irs1 and Irs2?”

 

The answer was found in the levels of essential cellular building blocks: amino acids. Tumour cells lacking the adaptor proteins failed to move amino acids into their cells, despite a plentiful supply outside of the cell.

 

“Growth factors, like IGF-1, tell cells that nutrients are around,” says Kalaany, “so when you suppress their signalling, the tumour cells don’t take up the amino acids and think they are starved.”

 

“But we found that the tumour cells can compensate for this and break down their own proteins to generate amino acids.”

 

So, the KRAS-driven tumours threw out a curve ball: they had, once again, figured out a workaround. By breaking themselves down — in a process known as autophagy — they can generate the raw material they need to thrive.

 

The researchers, however, were one step ahead.

 

Heading cancer off at the pass

Drugs that inhibit protein breakdown are already available. These include chloroquine, which is currently involved in a number of cancer drug trials, and bortezomib, which blocks proteasomes (protein-digesting structures) and is already used to treat myeloma.

 

When the two prongs of the attack were combined, the results were more than encouraging. They found that tumour cells lacking Irs1 and Irs2 did not grow well, and, when the inhibitors were added, growth stopped almost completely.

 

Additional studies will now be needed to understand how these two drug types might interact in a patient. However, this is a considerable breakthrough, and the researchers are excited to take it to the next phase.

 

“Our work tries to identify metabolic dependencies and vulnerabilities in tumours,” says Kalaany. “If we identify collaborators, we would love to have a clinical trial in non-small-cell lung cancer combining IGF-1 inhibitors with autophagy inhibitors or proteasome inhibitors.”

 

By testing to breaking point every part of a tumour cell’s survival kit, researchers will, one day, beat cancer.


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New Study Reveals How Moniepoint Powers Nigeria’s Downstream Oil Sector with Same-Day Settlements and Working Capital Boost

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In a move to strengthen Nigeria’s downstream oil and gas sector, Africa’s all-in-one financial platform for businesses and their customers, Moniepoint Inc. says it is transforming how petrol stations across the country manage payments, access credit, and track inventory through innovative financial solutions.

As the largest distribution network for financial services in Nigeria, the leading banking and payments platform trusted by million in its latest case study titled, “Fueling the Nation: How Moniepoint Powers Nigeria’s Oil and Gas Industry”, reaffirmed its commitment to providing digital payment solutions and business management tools to improve operational efficiency in Nigeria’s downstream sector.

The study released recently examined how petrol stations play a crucial role as vital distribution points for fuel in Nigeria, especially in areas with limited access to alternative energy sources. Over 90 per cent of passenger and freight movement in Nigeria is by road, literally fueled by petrol stations that facilitate an average of 41 to 47 million litres of petrol every day.

The downstream oil and gas sector has been considered as the lifeblood of the Nigerian economy, however, for decades, petrol station operators have grappled with the “T+1” settlement cycle, where funds from card payments are only accessible the next day. In an industry with razor-thin margins and the need for immediate restocking, this delay often leads to “dead tanks” and lost revenue.

According to the case study, Moniepoint has bridged this gap by introducing same-day settlements, ensuring that station owners can access their funds instantly to pay suppliers and keep pumps running. The report further reveals that 90.9% of petrol stations now utilize POS terminals as standard infrastructure, with digital channels accounting for 43% of all fuel payments nationwide.

The Moniepoint case study on Nigeria’s downstream oil and gas sector provides very insightful commentary on critical aspects of running a petrol station, including payment systems, inventory management, and funding challenges.

Giving insight into the report and its relevance to the nation’s energy segment, Managing Director, Moniepoint Microfinance Bank, Babatunde Olofin, noted that the study seeks to deepen policy engagement, provide actionable intelligence on critical success factors needed for the nation’s socio-economic growth across different verticals.

Olofin noted, “We are pleased to release this comprehensive report on Nigeria’s downstream sector. Moniepoint’s reason for being is to create financial happiness and power dreams. Reports like this move us in that direction, enabling us to support critical infrastructure that keeps the nation moving.

“Looking at the relevance, with data on their business transactions and our business management tools, petrol stations can effectively plan their inventory and availability, knowing exactly when to stock up and ensuring operations run smoothly to serve more customers.

“By providing fuel retailers with the financial tools they need, Moniepoint is creating a future where access to reliable fuel distribution is improved and represents more than a fundamental right for all in an equitable and efficient system.”

Some other Key insights from the report include: The Liquidity Gap: 1-in-3 station owners identify access to credit as their biggest recurring challenge.

Credit Success: Moniepoint has disbursed millions of Naira in working capital to the sector with a 99.81% repayment success rate.

These tools have enabled nearly three in five fuel stations nationwide to transition from cash-dependent, manually-operated businesses into digitally-enabled enterprises with reliable access to both payments’ infrastructure and growth capital.

This study by Moniepoint comes on the heels of others like the previous case studies on family-owned businesses, South-East’s Onitsha Market, community pharmacies, women-owned businesses, North-East agriculture and the definitive Informal Economy Report, which collectively demonstrated how digital payment solutions are transforming Nigeria’s commercial landscape across diverse sectors and market structures.

Moniepoint’s ongoing commitment to financial inclusion and economic development has positioned it as a catalyst for growth across Nigeria and beyond. The company processes billions in transactions monthly and continues to expand its reach, supporting millions of businesses with payments, banking, credit, and business management solutions.

 


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FG Mandates Shared Funding for N1.98trn Electricity Subsidy

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Federal Government has directed state governments to begin sharing the cost of electricity subsidy alongside the Federal Government.

FG Mandates Shared Funding for N1.98trn Electricity Subsidy

It was gathered that payments for the subsidy will now be funded through the Power Assistance Consumers Fund (PCAF), a government-backed pool created to subsidise electricity bills for low-income and vulnerable consumers.

The fund is designed to replace blanket subsidies with targeted support, improve affordability amid rising tariffs and stabilise the power sector.

More than 18 states are already operating electricity regulatory agencies, while others are preparing to do so. The states include Lagos, Ondo, Osun, Ekiti, Edo, Delta, Bayelsa, Akwa Ibom, Cross River, Abia, Anambra, Imo, Kogi, Niger, Nasarawa, Plateau, Gombe and Jigawa.

The Director-General of the Budget Office of the Federation, Mr. Tanimu Yakubu, disclosed this in Abuja at the opening of the 2026 Post-Budget Preparation workshop on the Government Integrated Financial Management Information System (GIFMIS).

Speaking in an address read on his behalf by the Director of Expenditure Social, Mr. Yusuf Muhammed, Yakubu said states that enjoy the political benefits of electricity subsidy must also contribute to covering the financial gap created by the policy.

“Mr. President has directed that we operationalise a clearer framework to share the cost of electricity across the federation, so the burden is not treated as an open-ended fiscal residual — I mean federal residual,” he said.

“If you want a stable power sector, we must pay for the choices we make. When tariffs are held low, a gap is created. That gap is a subsidy, and a subsidy is a bill.”

He added: “In 2026, we will stop pretending that this bill can be left to the Federal Government alone, especially where the policy choice or the political benefit is shared across tiers of government.”

According to him, the President has ordered the activation of the electricity sector’s legal framework to ensure subsidy burden-sharing is practical and transparent.

“This means subsidy costs must be explicit, tracked and funded, so they do not return as arrears, liquidity crises or hidden liabilities in the market,” Yakubu said.

“It also means that if any tier of government chooses affordability intervention, the responsibility must be clear, agreed and enforceable. This is not punishment. It is an alignment.”

He further warned MDAs to make subsidy-related costs visible in their planning.

“The implication is simple: make subsidy-related costs visible in your planning and submissions. Do not push liabilities into the market as arrears or unfunded commitments,” he said.

Yakubu also disclosed that President Bola Tinubu has directed a review of Nigeria’s Fiscal Responsibility Framework to make fiscal rules more dynamic and enforceable.

“Fiscal rules are not a slogan; they are the guardrails of government,” he said.

“Without guardrails, spending becomes impulsive, debt becomes casual, and the budget becomes a statement of intent rather than a tool of delivery.”

He added that capital projects in 2026 must be delivery-ready and properly financed.

“A long list of projects is not a development strategy. It is often a map of disappointment. What citizens feel is delivery, completed roads, reliable power, functional schools and working hospitals,” Yakubu said.

Reacting to the development, the Director of Media and Communications of the Nigerian Governors’ Forum, Mr. Yunusa Abdullahi, said: “We are reviewing the context and content of the information. We will not be making further comments on it.”


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Spain Bars Under-16s from Social Media in Digital Safety Crackdown

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Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez has unveiled plans to ban children under 16 from social media platforms, mandating robust age verification systems as part of a sweeping legislative package to curb toxic online content.

Spain Bars Under-16s from Social Media in Digital Safety Crackdown

Speaking at the World Government Summit in Dubai, Sánchez declared platforms must erect “real barriers that work” beyond mere checkboxes, shielding minors from the “digital Wild West” where they navigate unprotected.

The proposal, set for approval by Spain’s Council of Ministers next week, amends a draft bill in parliament and holds social media executives legally accountable for illegal content like disinformation, hate speech and child pornography.

The measures introduce tools to track harmful material spread, while criminalising algorithm manipulation that amplifies such content for profit.

“Spreading hate must come at a legal, economic and ethical cost platforms can no longer ignore,” Sánchez emphasised, vowing governments would stop turning a blind eye.

Spain joins Europe’s hardening stance on youth online access, mirroring Denmark’s under-15 ban plans from last fall, France’s push for restrictions by September, and Portugal’s new bill requiring parental consent for under-16s.

The moves signal a continental shift to “regain control” of digital spaces amid rising concerns over youth vulnerability.


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