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Electricity Theft in Nigeria: Impact, Strategies and the Way Forward

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By Okoko Chidozie Christian

[email protected]; 09025179984.

Epileptic power supply has been a mainstay of Nigerian society and profoundly impacted communities, undermines the access of individuals to electricity and hampered economic growth.

Electricity Theft in Nigeria: Impact, Strategies and the Way Forward

And, a range of factors have been identified by stakeholders as the root causes including energy theft.

Electricity – essential part of our daily lives is used for powering our homes, offices, businesses and industries. Unfortunately, some people choose to illegally tap into it.

Illegal electricity connections, also known as “power theft” refers to the unauthorized tapping of electric from a power grid, often without the knowledge or approval of electricity providers.

According to source, electric theft is the criminal practice of stealing electric power, and it is nearly as old as electricity distribution.

Accomplished through a variety of means, from methods as rudimentary as direct hooking to a power line, to manipulation of computerized electrical meters endangering the environment.

For instance, if the power consumption in a region increases to a level where the average demand exceeds the rating of transformer or other electrical equipment due to power theft, then power quality problem like voltage collapse or transformer overloading may occur.

Frequent power cuts lead to deterioration in the customer-utility relationship. Illegal connections to the electricity network often transverse roads, fields, footpaths and present a safety risk for communities who must go about their normal daily activities into contacts with live cables and wires that have not been properly installed.

However, bypassing an electric meter co-located with fuses, circuit breakers, residual current earth leakage detection will often lead to risk of electrical faults and excessive use within the house may not be detected.

And, the supply will remain live within the house, increasing the risk of electrocution or fire. Cost of electricity is substantially compared with low income flow and credit constraints in most countries. For examples, more than 70% of Nigerians live on less than US2.0dollars per day. Yet, there is need to pay for the cost of power consumed.

So, it would appear illogical to conclude that residential consumers steal electricity thereby contributing to this loss.

According to the new Electricity Act, offenders to electric theft shall be subject to imprisonment for a term exceeding three years, a fine or both. If the load consumed or used or attempted consumption or use, does not exceed 10 kilowatts, the first conviction shall warrant a fine no less than three times the financial gain resulting from the electricity theft.

In Nigeria today, the Power Distribution Companies, DisCos face several challenges of electricity theft which remain one of the major causes of massive revenue losses thereby increases the debt profile in Nigeria Electricity Supply Industry, hence negatively impacting the nation’s economy.

Recently, Adetayo Adegbemle, executive director of Power Up Nigeria,  expressed that the Senators are out of touch with the realities of the power sector and should seek advice from professionals and experts for accurate information. According to him, electricity is also not a public utility anymore, it is now a commodity.

Energy theft is an international problem and globally estimated in 2022 that consumers spent up to 1.4 billion pounds annually. This costs have to be passed to customers in the form of higher energy charges. The annual worldwide financial losses due to power or electricity theft are estimated to be around US 100billion dollars.

In a recent report by the Director of the Power Sector Advocacy Group in Nigeria; one (1) transmission company TCN, twenty-three(23) generation companies, GenCos and eleven (11) electricity distribution Companies, DisCos operates in Nigeria. Moreover, the plants are managed by generating companies (GenCos), independent power providers, and the Niger-Delta Holding Company.

Unfortunately, the twenty-three (23) power-generating plants connected to the national grid with the capacity to generate 11,165.4MWs of electricity has not been feasible. Despite having a capacity of 22,000 MWs, the country’s power generating peaked at 4,594.6 MWs as of November 2022 has been insufficient for the populace. So, the electricity generated is considerably low for over 200million people.

Although, some anti-theft products can help shield the network and consequently reduce power theft. Just like in United Kingdom, their electrification is made under subsurface about 100meters; not so easy for human to access, study confirms.

So, being a complex challenge, there are some ways to combat the illegalities of energy theft in Nigeria, but the consumers-utility relationship is a key determinant. Improvement of this relationship through local participation in development of renewable energy schemes such as rooftop solar photovoltaic, use of biomass and many more could bring benefit. Also, financing, redesigning of the distribution system and utility company codes and standards, competence in post-installation maintenance.

Strengthening of legal and regulatory framework particularly with larger users, and installing high security tampered-resistant metering systems for commercial consumers may have more effect.

 

 

 


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African Tech Start-ups to Receive $46m of Speedinvest Africa Fund

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African technology start-ups will receive a $46 million (€40 million) commitment from EIB Global, the development arm of the European Investment Bank (EIB).

The funds will be deployed through the first Africa-focused investment vehicle from European venture capital (VC) firm Speedinvest.

The Speedinvest Africa Fund, which has a total target size of €200 million, targets companies across innovation hubs in Egypt, Morocco, Nigeria, Kenya, and South Africa.

It also invests in high-potential markets, including Ghana, Côte d’Ivoire, Cameroon, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Tunisia, Tanzania, and Uganda.

The investment strengthens EU–Africa ties, supports digital transformation, and promotes inclusive economic growth, says the EIB.

The strategy is designed to improve digital and financial inclusion while enabling start-ups to scale across borders by strengthening linkages between African and European ecosystems. Technology has the power to turn good ideas into real impact, says Karl Nehammer, vice-president of the EIB.

By backing this vehicle, it is enabling African innovators to scale, access new markets, and build sustainable businesses, says Nehammer.

The fund focuses on technology-enabled and mobile-based services across payments, healthcare, mobility, and education.

This aligns with the EU’s Global Gateway priorities and is expected to deliver social benefits, including job creation for youth and expanded access to digital banking for underserved communities.

At least 30% of the vehicle’s capital will support companies advancing gender equality, including those with women as founders, employees, or consumers.

With EIB Global support, the firm is deepening its long-term commitment to backing founders across Africa while strengthening enduring bridges between Africa and Europe, says Oliver Holle, CEO and managing partner of Speedinvest.

Speedinvest has previously backed African growth-stage companies, including mobility fintech Moove and digital bank FairMoney.

By combining a local presence with a European network of operators, sector expertise, and follow-on capital, the firm aims to help founders scale regionally and internationally, says Holle.

The fund will be managed by partners Deepali Nangia and Rana Abdel Latif, with a new African office planned to support its local operations.

 


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U.S. Charges Three in $2.5 Billion Plot to Smuggle Nvidia AI Chips to China

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Three individuals connected to a US tech firm have been indicted by the United States Department of Justice (DOJ) for their alleged role in a massive scheme to smuggle billions of dollars worth of restricted Nvidia AI chips to China, bypassing strict export controls.

Trio Faces US Charges in Alleged Nvidia Chip Smuggling Plot to China

Nvidia Chip

Prosecutors accuse the suspects of using fake documents, dummy equipment, and even hair dryers to tamper with labels in a bid to dodge compliance checks.

The plot centred on high-performance semiconductors from Nvidia, which are tightly regulated by the US due to fears they could boost China’s military and AI capabilities.

Yih-Shyan “Wally” Liaw, a US citizen and co-founder of California-based Super Micro Computer (a server maker), has been charged alongside two Taiwanese nationals: Ting-Wei “Willy” Sun and Ruei-Tsang “Steven” Chang (who remains at large).

The group reportedly partnered with a Southeast Asian firm to order servers packed with banned chips. They falsified records claiming the gear would stay in Asia, but repackaged and shipped it covertly to China.

Tactics included deploying thousands of fake “dummy” servers for audits, while real restricted tech was diverted. Sun allegedly used household hair dryers to swap serial numbers and labels.

Super Micro Computer confirmed the suspects’ links but stressed it faces no charges and is aiding the probe.

The DOJ estimates the intermediary bought $2.5 billion in equipment, illegally funneling vast amounts of controlled AI tech to China without licences.

This case underscores escalating US-China tech rivalry, where advanced chips are viewed as vital for national security and economic edge.

In a parallel probe, two Chinese nationals were earlier charged for rerouting chips via Malaysia, Singapore, Hong Kong, and mainland China. US authorities warn of tough penalties for evasion.

This development signals intensified global scrutiny on tech supply chains amid superpower tensions.


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UK, Nigeria Unveil Three-Year Plan to Combat Immigration Crime

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United Kingdom and Nigeria have agreed on a three-year strategic plan to tackle organised immigration crime and strengthen border security cooperation.

UK, Nigeria Unveil Three-Year Plan to Combat Immigration Crime

The initiative was announced in a joint statement by the UK Home Office following the state visit of Bola Ahmed Tinubu to the UK.

The agreement was signed by UK Home Secretary Shabana Mahmood and Nigeria’s Minister of Interior, Olubunmi Tunji-Ojo.

According to the statement, the framework focuses on combating visa fraud, improving border management systems, and enhancing legal cooperation between both countries.

Under the plan, Nigeria is expected to review its legal framework to impose stricter penalties on immigration-related offences, particularly those involving forged or fraudulent travel documents.

Both countries also pledged to strengthen laws and enforcement mechanisms governing visa processing and travel documentation.

A key component of the agreement is the expansion of the UK–Nigeria Organised Immigration Crime Unit, with new memoranda of understanding centred on intelligence sharing and joint operations.

The UK government will further support Nigerian border agencies through training programmes and capacity-building initiatives.

The partnership also places emphasis on the protection of vulnerable migrants, particularly women and children, while enhancing research, document verification systems, and migration monitoring processes through the UK–Nigeria Migration, Justice and Home Affairs Dialogue.

Both governments described the agreement as a reflection of their shared commitment to tackling transnational crime and improving migration management through closer collaboration.

The deal forms part of broader engagements during Tinubu’s visit, which focused on strengthening bilateral relations across security, migration, and economic development.


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