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SATCOM: Creating End-to-End Efficiency for IP Trunking and IP Backbone Networks for 5G

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By Andrew Aroh

  • Efficiency and more throughput are at the core of emerging technologies for IP at the core of emerging technologies for IP Trunking and IP Backbone networks and applications to drive 5G.
  • The latest technology is based on DVB-S2 and S2 Extensions standards and combines a set of innovative technologies in order to fully optimize the Trunking and Backbone Links. These technologies are:
  • Adaptive coding and modulation (ACM)
  • Cross-layer Optimization
  • Bandwidth cancellation
  • Clean Channel Technology
  • Automated Uplink Power Control (AUPC)
  • Wideband in GBs

The Dedicated technologies enhance the data throughput up to record breaking speeds in a large set of IP point-to-point or point or point-to-Multipoint networks.

  • Adaptive Coding and Modulation (ACM)
  • The tranking business is a highly competitive market with continuous pressure on pricing and profitability.
  • The implementation of ACM translates directly into new business opportunities for ISPs, satellite service Operators and Satellite Operators.
  • ACM increases the customer base within the same bandwidth. At the same time it introduces ways to reduce OPEX costs and increase the profitability of one’s business. Resulting in a quick Return-on Investment.
  • ACM combines DVB-S2 and S2 Extensions with different technologies to get as much data through the same satellite bandwidth as possible.
  • ACM will auto-adaptively set modulation parameters to the optimal point and overcomes distortion, noise and variation in the satellite link.
  • Through ACM the data rates between uplink and remote sites (for both point-to-point and point-to-mattip networks) can be doubled in the same bandwidth without the need to acquire extra satellite capacity. As such a quick Return-on-Investment can be achieved in a matter of months.
  • Optimal Service Availability through ACM
  • Communication lines over satellite need to be available at all time to exchange critical information and to keep customer satisfaction at a high level.
  • However, fading conditions could seriously disturb the satellite transmission and lead to temporary link losses.
  • Fading conditions could be due to different circumstances:
  • The choice of satellite/frequency and (Geo, Leo, Meo/C-,X-,Ku-,Ka-,V-band)
  • Environmental Conditions (rain, dust, etc.)
  • Interference (between two adjacent Satellites)
  • Due to the auto-adaptive technology incorporated inside ACM, these fading conditions will no longer interrupt the transmission between the hub and remote nor result in the loss of data.
  • In fading conditions, ACM will switch to a more robust modulation and provide optimal availability.

As soon as fading conditions are over, ACM technology automatically switches back to maximum efficiency,

  • Moreover, Service Priorities (e.g video, data, voice) and Quality-of-service policies can be auto-adapted on-the-fly depending on the bandwidth availability through cross-layer optimization technology.
  • Network Traffic Optimization
  • Network congestion reduces the customer experience and the overall throughput over the communications link
  • In order to Enhance Speed and Save on bandwidth, Service Providers can easily add Network Optimization to their Trunking Links.
  • Network Optimization Consists of the Latest TCP/IP Acceleration and Compression Technologies which increases the efficiency of the satellite link on top of technologies such as ACM.
  • Network Optimization is available as option in the Hubs or can added as separate equipment or software.
  • Network Optimization technology offers up to 35% bandwidth reduction for typical applications such as file download, web surfing and content streaming.
  • The reduction of traffic in both Volume and Number of packets is up to 20% in the forward and up to 90% in the return.
  • Network Optimization technology improves customer Experience and results in important bandwidth gains.
  • Bandwidth Cancellation:
  • Uses Bandwidth Canceller
  • Return traffic uses the same bandwidth as the forward traffic
  • Implements Superior Cancellation Performance
  • Bandwidth gain up to 33%
  • Flexible network scenarios are used (SCPC, MCPC)
  • Best efficiency with ACM
  • Automated Equalink
  • Performs Pre-distortion to compensate for the effects of imperfections in the filters and amplifiers of the satellite
  • Supports Linear & Non-Linear Links
  • Supports Saturated Transponders
  • Supports 16/32/64 APSK
  • Bandwidth Gain up to 10% (or 2GB)
  • Clean Channel Technology:
  • As a result of drive for standards, key players in the satellite industry have called for a new satellite transmission standard (S2 Extensions) to expand the existing DVB-S2 standard, specifically for professional satellite links.
  • Open Standards such as DVB-S2 and S2 Extensions allow for:
  • Interoperability and avoid vendor lock-in
  • Increase in the profitability of the industry by creating an economy of scale and reducing the cost of sitcom equipment
  • Today S2 Extensions already provide gains up to 37% compared to DVB-S2 through implementation of clean Channel Technology. These gains exceed the results by proprietary systems in the market
  • Clean Channel Technology involves 7 improvements in S2 Extensions:
  • Smaller Roll-offs
  • Advanced Filtering of Satellite Carriers
  • Increased Granularity in MODCODs
  • 64APSK support
  • Linear and Non-linear MODCODs
  • Better implementation of MODCODs
  • Wideband Support (up to mbaud)
  • Clean Channel Technology can be offered as a software field upgrade so that customers can immediately field upgrade so that customers can immediately benefit up to 15% gain compared to DVB-S2 through implementing a lower Roll-off factor (5/10/15%) and an advanced filtering technology.
  • Best-of-Trade-Equipment
  • Emerging Hubs and Modems support medium and high rate data communication based on the DVB-S2 and S2 Extensions
  • Each Equipment embeds the latest innovative technologies to fully optimize IP Trunking and IP backbone networks over Integrated Satellite/Wireless/Fiber Solutions for 5G.
  • No extra or new ground infrastructure (antenna or amplifier) needs to be acquired to enable higher efficiencies.
  • Next to hubs and moderns, peripheral equipment such as redundancy Switches and Frequency Converters provide the Trunking and Backbone networks with extra stability and
  • Hubs and Moderns are installed on each side of the link.
  • Networks in Point-to-Point, Point-to-Multipoint (star) or Multipoint-to-point configuration are supported through Single-channel-per-Carrier (MCPC) technologies.
  • Within the same Carrier different Services such as data, video, voice, voIP, Wifi, WiMAX, GPRS, 3G/4G can be aggregate using MAP.
  • Through the multi-service hub, Service providers with their respective customers are connected with a common forward carrier.
  • The return technology can be SCPC or MF-TDMA depending on the return rate, the size of the remote or the network configuration.
  • By aggregating the data traffic in a common forward carrier and combing equipment in a single hub, important CAPEX and OPEX savings can be made.
  • Extra bandwidth gains are achieved by implementing ACM, clean channel Technology and Cross-Layer-Optimization technologies on top of the Multi-Service network.
  • The Multi-service network also allows the service provider to provider IP access service provider to provide IP access service on a direct way or an indirect way (Backhaul, Trunking) to the end user.
  • The hub provides internal and interface (RF, IP power Supply)
  • The internal redundancy is conceived as two fully redundant chains.
  • When there is a failure an automatic switch over to the other chain is performed.
  • Even during service windows there is limited downtime since upgrades can be performed on one of the chains with the other chain active in a previous version.
  • A failure in the RF path is resolved by switching to the alternative RF interface.
  • Multiservice Access Platform (MAP) is a scalable, integrated system that can provide a wide range of voice, video and data services in a single chassis.
  • A MAP can be located at the customer premises, in the local Loop/ Last mile or at the carrier’s point of presence (POP).
  • Efficient Carrier Grade Gateway and Consumer Terminal Concept
  • A typical Broadband solution is based on the Sat3play platform
  • The platform provides the means to establish an “always-on” two-way IP Connectivity.
  • The basic IP connectivity between Hub and Modem is extended with Quality-of-Service (QoS) in forward and return allowing the deployment of different services.
  • QoS is the capability to provide better service to selected network traffic over various technologies such as Ethernet, frame relay, ATM or IP.
  • The gateway contains management functionalities to monitor, configure and control all worldwide remotes.
  • The Gateway provides all necessary infrastructures to receive and transmit IP data from and to the terminals.
  • The Gateway has redundancy on all layers (user, control, management) equipment; RF signal and mains supply inputs.
  • Gateways are points of entrance and exist from a communication network.
  • Viewed as a physical entity, a gateway is that node that translates between two otherwise incompatible networks or network segments.
  • Gateway performs code and protocol conversion to facilitate traffic between data highways of differing architecture.
  • A GATEKEEPER is a device that manages an IP network, supporting all gateways, and a gatekeeper e.g low average-to-peak ratios in the traffic Profile. This results in high broadband user experience.
  • Unique Design:
  • The design of the compact modem and the lightweight low power outdoor equipment; the cost and “Look and Feel” of the terminal is in line with the consumer market requirements
  • Lowest Consumer Acquisition Cost:
  • With the lowest terminal cost on the market and a unique Do-it-yourself installation, the total customer acquisition cost is not a deterrent factor for capturing new subscribers.
  • Self-Installation at Zero:
  • Value Added Logistics
  • Terminal Customization
  • New Business Models, Retail outlet Channels and e-commerce
  • Zero CAPEX Internet Service Providers Satellite System
  • The require satellite system is Operated as Single-Service-Provider Platform AND Multi-Service-Provider Platform
  • On a multi-Service-Provider Platform, new ISPs can start with a Zero CAPEX and the ability to rollout services immediately
  • Different Service Providers Share the same HARDWARE and CAPACITY while they are capable of managing their own Customer base and Service Configuration.
  • Unlimited Scalability: the total number of users in the Satellite system scales without System limitation. The addition of capacity in order to accommodate more users or offer better QoS comes with an almost linear increase of investment result.

On the other hand, satellite capacity represents the largest cost element in the total cost of Ownership (CTO). Efficient usage of satellite capacity is therefore mandatory.

  • The End-Customer is expectation for Satellite broadband offerings are:
  • Monthly rate on par with terrestrial broadband services
  • Volumes as needed
  • True broadband experience-Implementing FUP which assures that all broadband customers enjoy the same experience and have access to quick and reliable service at all time.

Andrew Aroh is President of SSPI Nigeria


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6 Easy Ways to Enjoy the 2026 World Cup with Google and Gemini

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If there is one thing that brings everyone together across the country, it is the beautiful game of football. The energy is always on a different level. From the passionate debates in local viewing centers to the excitement shared across social media, football is more than just a sport for us—it’s a major part of how we connect and share moments with friends and family.

6 Easy Ways to Enjoy the 2026 World Cup with Google and Gemini

Google and Gemini

As the FIFA World Cup 2026™ kicks off across North America, the excitement is already building up everywhere. But let’s be honest: life moves fast, and keeping up with every single goal and update can feel like a full-time job. You don’t want to be the one asking for the score long after the game is over.

The good news is that technology has made it easier than ever to stay in the loop. Google and Gemini have introduced some very useful tools to bring you right into the heart of the action, whether you’re a serious analyst or just here for the fun. From pinning live scores to your phone screen to using AI to see yourself as a pro player, here are 6 ways to experience the World Cup like a boss.

1. Get Match Updates “Sharp-Sharp” on Your Screen

We’ve all been in that situation where we are busy with other things but dying to know the latest score. You don’t need to keep searching and refreshing heavy pages that drain your data. Now, when you search for soccer, it’s much faster to see real-time information about the game, including visuals for live scores, lineups, and current standings.

The best part is the pinning feature. You can actually pin a match’s live score directly to your Android or iOS device’s lock screen just by following that match or team. This means you can see the score at a glance without even needing to unlock your phone. You’ll even get updates before the match starts and after it ends.

How to set it up: Search for your favorite team or a specific match on Google and tap the option to “follow” them. This pins the score to your lock screen so you get updates automatically before and after each game.

2. Settle the Arguments with AI

Arguments about football rules or player stats are a huge part of the fun. Instead of going back and forth with friends, let AI Mode in Search give you the facts. You can use AI Mode for all sorts of things, from asking complex questions about specific rules to finding deep details about players and teams.

If you’re trying to understand a coach’s strategy, you can ask AI Mode to create an interactive visual for you—for instance, a breakdown of soccer formations and when a coach might use them. While these interactive features are for Pro and Ultra subscribers now, they will be free for everyone in Search by the summer.

How to use it: Open Google Search and type your deep football questions directly into the prompt bar. You can then specifically ask it to “create an interactive visual” to help explain things like team formations.

3. Find the Perfect Place to Watch with “Ask Maps”

Sometimes the best way to watch a match is at a viewing party with other fans. If you’re looking for a great spot to join the fun, the Ask Maps feature is here to help. You can just type something like, “Find me a reservation for 4 at 7:30 p.m., somewhere I can watch the World Cup match and meet other fans.”

To help you get there on time, Google Maps and Waze provide the latest information on road closures and transit routes so you can navigate the games with confidence. Also, for the first time on Waze, you can see live score updates at a glance whenever your car is at a stop.

How to use it: In the Google Maps app, use the “Ask Maps” feature to request a reservation at a place specifically for watching the match. If you are driving with Waze, simply bring your car to a stop to see live scores on your dashboard.

4. Catch Up on the Latest Gist Every Morning

For those who can’t stay up late to watch every game, there’s a perfect way to wake up to the news. If you have a Gemini Plus, Pro, or Ultra subscription, you can use Scheduled Actions to receive a daily summary of international soccer news.

This summary is completely tailored to you. You can customize the briefing to focus only on your favorite teams and players, and choose exactly when you want it delivered.

How to set it up: Open Gemini Settings, tap “Scheduled actions,” and select the soccer news digest template. Customize it with your team names and your preferred time to receive your summary every day.

5. Become the Star of Your Own Match Photos

Ever wondered what you would look like as a professional football star? The new Nano Banana templates in the Gemini app let you put yourself right into the action. You just upload a photo of yourself to these custom scenes, and you can see yourself celebrating in a massive stadium or making a hero’s diving goal-line save.

The generated image will even show you wearing your country’s colors or the official jersey. These fun templates are rolling out in the “Images” tab in Gemini.

How to use it: In the Gemini app, go to the “Images” tab, tap the “+” icon, and click “Create image.” Upload your photo to one of the custom soccer scenes to see yourself repped in the official jersey.

6. Get the Full Match Experience in One Place

Finally, Gemini can now act as your personal dashboard for the entire tournament. The app references live match information and news to give you the latest scores, highlights, and standings as they happen.

For many topics, Gemini goes beyond just text by creating visual elements like stats, images, and videos. This transforms a simple response into a dynamic “Matchday Hub” where you can see all the action at once.

How to use it: Ask Gemini for a match update or current standings to automatically open your “Matchday Hub.” The app will immediately show you a mix of live scores, highlights, and stats for the game you asked about.

The World Cup is all about sharing the excitement, and with these Google and Gemini tools, you won’t miss a beat. Whether you’re pinning live scores to your screen or seeing yourself in the official jersey, there’s a tool for every fan. Set up your updates, grab your friends, and get ready for a month of pure football magic. No stress, just vibes!


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Airtel Africa Foundation Launches Airtel Green Schools to Promote Sustainability Education in Nigeria

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Airtel Africa Foundation, through Airtel Nigeria, has launched the Airtel Green Schools initiative, a sustainability-focused programme designed to create environmental learning spaces in primary and secondary schools.

The spaces, which are branded Airtel Garden, have been introduced as part of Airtel Nigeria’s activities to commemorate the 2026 World Environment Day, themed “Climate Action”.

According to Airtel Nigeria’s schedule, the company’s 10 adopted schools, located in nine states across country’s six geopolitical zones, have been onboarded as Green Schools.

Each of the schools now features an Airtel Garden, with dedicated sections for edible crops, fruit trees and shade trees, enabling pupils to learn firsthand about food cultivation, biodiversity and the importance of increasing green cover to help mitigate the effects of climate change.

The gardens also incorporate composting stations where organic waste generated within the school environment can be converted into nutrient-rich compost. To boost circular economy practices, plastic recycling segments have also been built in to repurpose common wastes such as plastic bottles and tyres.

The beneficiary schools of the programme include St. George’s Nursery and Primary School, Ipaja, Lagos; Yahaya Primary School, Zaria; Iyeru-Okin Primary School, Iyeru-Okin, Kwara; St. John Primary School, Ijebu Igbo, Ogun State, and Community Primary School, Amumara, Imo State.

Others are Presbyterian Primary School, Ediba, Cross-River; Migrant Farmers Community Primary School, Umuahia, Abia State; Gwange III Primary School, Maiduguri, Borno State; Mayflower Secondary School, Ikenne, Ogun State; and Government Day Primary School, Gombe State.

Segun Ogusanya, Chairman of the Airtel Africa Foundation, highlighted the developmental focus of Airtel Garden. “We are excited to inaugurate Airtel Green Schools, which are designed to go beyond awareness and create real behavioural change within Nigeria’s school communities.

“Through the Restore, Reduce and Educate pillars, we are equipping young people with practical tools such as gardens, recycling awareness, and environmental learning resources.

2Our goal is to create a replicable Green School model that can be scaled and sustained over time, ensuring that environmental education becomes part of everyday learning for the children in our adopted schools,” he said.

A key feature of the launch programme is the signature “Read, Engage, Plant” experience, an immersive environmental learning model that combines storytelling, practical engagement and environmental action.

At the launch, Airtel staff from the Employee Volunteer Programme (EVP) led pupils of the adopted schools in the reading “Jojo and Jade, Heroes of Mother Earth” before joining in interactive environmental activities such as crop planting. The programme also featured a recitation of the climate action pledge and the inauguration of Airtel Garden Eco Club.

Speaking on the flag-off of Airtel Green Schools and Airtel Garden, the Chief Executive Officer of Airtel Nigeria, Dinesh Balsingh, said, “Climate action becomes meaningful when awareness is translated into action.

“Through the Airtel Garden, we are creating living classrooms where pupils can learn practical lessons about environmental stewardship, sustainable agriculture, waste management and the importance of protecting our planet. We believe that empowering young people with these experiences today will help shape a more environmentally responsible generation tomorrow.”

The Airtel Green Schools campaign is built on the telecom giant’s sustainability theme of Reuse, Educate, and Restore. Through tree planting and garden development, the programme seeks to establish green spaces within school communities while promoting waste reduction and responsible environmental practices via composting and plastic recycling.


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GSMA Launches Global Satellite Regulatory Playbook to Help Policymakers Build Future-Ready Connectivity Frameworks

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The GSMA has launched its new Satellite Regulatory Playbook, a practical guide designed to help policymakers develop clear, consistent and future-ready policy frameworks for the rapidly evolving satellite connectivity sector.

As Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite services expand globally and begin to complement terrestrial mobile and broadband networks, the Playbook provides governments with a structured framework to modernise satellite regulation in ways that support societal needs, protect consumers, and encourage investment in the next generation of communications networks.

Developed in collaboration with Access Partnership, the Playbook focuses on emerging satellite broadband and direct-to-device (D2D) services delivered directly to end users without mobile operator partnerships, where existing regulatory frameworks often leave gaps.

Where mobile operators are involved, existing regulations typically provide sufficient safeguards. The playbook offers practical guidance that policymakers can adapt to their national circumstances. It is designed to support technology-neutral regulation while promoting greater consistency in regulatory outcomes across markets.

The GSMA emphasises that no single connectivity technology can meet all of society’s long-term communications needs. Instead, resilient and inclusive digital societies require multiple forms of connectivity working together, including mobile, fixed and satellite networks. Regulatory frameworks therefore need to evolve to address all connectivity services consistently, ensuring users receive comparable protections and benefits regardless of how services are delivered.

Michaela Angonius, Head of Policy & Regulation at the GSMA, said: “As satellite connectivity becomes an increasingly important part of the global communications landscape, policymakers have an opportunity to create regulatory frameworks that are fit for the future.

“The Satellite Regulatory Playbook gives policymakers practical guidance to create frameworks that protect people, ensure law enforcement can always do their job, attract investment into the whole communications sector and keep pace with innovation.”

“Connectivity is not a choice between terrestrial and satellite networks. Meeting the needs of citizens, businesses and governments requires a diverse and complementary connectivity ecosystem. Regulation should therefore be technology-neutral and focused on delivering consistent outcomes for consumers and society, regardless of how services are provided.”

The Playbook identifies eight key regulatory pillars that policymakers should consider when developing or modernising frameworks for satellite services:

  • Local establishment rules
  • National security
  • Consumer protection and operational measures
  • Infrastructure and facility requirements
  • End-user terminal deployment
  • Fiscal considerations
  • Emergency services and public safety
  • Enforcement

The guidance is underpinned by the GSMA’s principles of transparency, regulatory parity, harmonisation, collaboration and balanced innovation. Together, these principles aim to support regulatory certainty, encourage investment, strengthen consumer trust and promote fair competition across the broader connectivity ecosystem.

Recognising that regulatory frameworks vary significantly between countries, the Playbook does not prescribe a one-size-fits-all model. Instead, it provides a flexible framework that regulators can tailor to national priorities while helping to reduce fragmentation and promote greater international alignment.

As satellite services continue to evolve and expand, the GSMA believes that forward-looking and harmonised regulatory approaches will be essential to unlocking the full benefits of next-generation connectivity for consumers, businesses and societies worldwide.


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