General News
The Nexus between Academic Research and Development: The Importance of Doctoral Degree in National Development in Nigeria

By Onobe Melchizedec , PhD & Elele Felix Chibuzo
In today’s knowledge-based economy, where knowledge, research, and innovation are essential for competitiveness and wealth generation, developing countries require knowledge workers with doctoral degrees to generate understanding for advancing society and the economy.

People with the skills, knowledge, and expertise necessary to propel innovation and build a dynamic workforce are essential to the prosperity of any nation. Therefore, graduates with a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degree are an invaluable resource for contributing to the growth and development of a country. The objective of enhancing the contributions that PhD graduates make to national development is also a global concern.
The Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) is the highest mark of academic excellence, and holders are revered in society as embodiments of knowledge. It confers to the holder the highest level of competence in a field of study.
Acquiring a PhD degree in any field of study sets one apart and makes the person a specialist and, by extension, someone that could be consulted on that field. This scholarly endeavour is celebrated on completion by wearing a graduation regalia adorned with features that signify excellence and honour.
As a PhD candidate, one is expected to conduct supervised, structured research in one of the many related disciplines in which the Faculty has expertise. After this period, the candidate is expected to produce a lengthy thesis demonstrating their ability to conduct scholarly research. The results of this research should make “an original contribution to the body of knowledge” and meet publication standards.
History shows that the first doctoral degree was awarded in medieval Paris around 1150. In 1860, the University of London introduced the DSc as an advanced study course rather than a research degree. Therefore, the first higher doctorate in the modern sense in the UK was by Durham University in 1882, and other universities followed suit.
Yale University was the first University in the United States to award a PhD in 1861, and the first three earned PhDs in North America. In Nigeria, the University of Ibadan was the first Nigerian University to award a PhD in 1964. Accordingly, many Nigerian Universities now offer doctorates in many diverse fields of study.
Data from the second quarter of 2020 report of the National Bureau of Statistics indicates that Nigeria has over 76,526 PhD holders and more than 20,000 doctoral candidates. Prof Tunji Olaopa, in an article published in the Punch newspaper on 8 May 2022, stated that with the absence of current and valuable data, the number of Nigerian PhD holders as of 2022 could conservatively be estimated to be around 85,000.
Pursuing a PhD degree is not only arduous but also time-consuming and demanding; the candidate must dedicate at least three years of academic study and research work.
The candidate must have passed preliminary qualifying exams to exhibit their theoretical knowledge and competencies in the chosen field of study. The person will also complete a complex process of developing a research proposal, creating a research plan, carrying out research in the area and presenting the results of that research to other experts in the field who would evaluate the work and approve that it meets the highest standards of the academic world.
A doctorate aims to produce professionals with the expertise to conduct research and scholarship to advance knowledge and contribute to international, national, state, and local scholarship and development. PhD recipients are equipped with critical thinking skills, scientific research and theorising abilities, high intellectual integrity, a multidisciplinary approach to problem-solving and professional competence through lifelong learning, self-evaluation, and self-renewal.
Beyond academic endeavours, the thrust of doctorate research, which is an ingenious contribution to the body of knowledge, should benefit society and contribute to the development of science, engineering, social science and humanities. It should not only be an academic exercise aimed at churning out lecturers for our higher institutions but development-oriented. Research conducted by these PhD studies should form the fulcrum of innovation and the socioeconomic development of society.
Higher academic pursuit up to a PhD degree provides a skilled workforce for specialised knowledge. Doctoral studies typically include training in methodology and research analysis, and obtaining a PhD indicates to potential employers that holders have the analytical skills necessary to conduct rigorous research. Accordingly, employers outside of academia seek individuals with solid research skills to carry out projects at private and public think tanks and research institutes worldwide.
On the micro level, it confers financial and non-financial benefits to the holder. Financial gain is one of the many reasons students pursue a doctorate. Moreover, research indicates that self-satisfaction, self-motivation, and intrinsic motivation are other factors for pursuing and completing a doctoral degree. Acquiring a PhD is essential for employment, career opportunities and progression in the academic ladder.
Historically, a PhD was required to commence a career in academia, and this has not changed, as they are still generally required for academic positions at universities worldwide. A doctorate creates international job teaching/lecturing opportunities and collaborations for holders. Globally, there is continued viability for PhDs in academia.
Socially, the PhD is a symbol of prestige and adds to the social status of the holder, having demonstrated exceptional ability and being regarded as a member of the intellectual elite. In the early sixties and until the late seventies in Nigeria, communities contributed money to sponsor one of their sons or daughters to study for a PhD. It was seen as a communal achievement and status symbol that a community had produced a doctor, as it were.
In research and development, the University is the centre of study and pivotal to new inventions and discoveries in the World. PhD scholars drive most of the research hubs and centres of excellence.
The Government and private sector spend huge budgets on research and development, and PhD students receive grants to research innovations that are valuable to human development. Moreover, doctoral programs provide intensive training in research methods, and the skills acquired in qualitative and quantitative research methodology and statistical analysis are transferable to non-academic research environments, especially industrial research.
In career development, a doctorate increases one’s earning potential compared to other educational levels in universities and research institutes. Those with a doctorate can also anticipate higher compensation inside and outside academia. Doctorate holders in Nigerian universities and higher institutions can only occupy certain positions and posts.
To underscore the importance of the PhD to academic development and knowledge transfer, the National Universities Commission (NUC) and other regulatory professional bodies require a minimum number of doctorate holders as faculty before accreditation for a course is given.
In the body of knowledge, a PhD thesis may also serve as the foundation for a book that, when published, will become part of the scholar’s professional career and scholarly documentation. A doctoral dissertation contributes to the body of human knowledge.
In addition, the results, conclusions, and recommendations invariably contribute to economic and social advancement. In addition, the thought content paves the way for new research avenues and promotes an interdisciplinary approach, which will strengthen the social fabric of lifestyles.
Interestingly, in Nigeria, little is known about the employment of PhD recipients outside the academia after receiving their degrees. There appears to be a void regarding the direct impacts of PhD graduates in the workplace outside the academic environment. Moreover, the research capacity of many employed PhDs has not been maximised.
There are disparities between the purpose of doctoral education and the employment of Nigerian PhD graduates, as some are employed in positions unrelated to their fields of study. People now doubt the knowledge and abilities of this group of highly educated Nigerian graduates, and there is a need for a paradigm shift.
It has become pertinent to re-evaluate the curriculum and content of doctoral studies in Nigeria. Nigeria’s doctoral education should be tailored to play a crucial role in nurturing economic growth. It should be viewed as an investment in human capital, the cost of which is anticipated to yield returns and generate significant benefits in the form of increased opportunities, productivity, employment conditions, and incomes.
Amid our underdevelopment in critical sectors, doctoral education should be a pathway for nurturing independent researchers who can produce and disseminate new knowledge, solve real problems, and contribute to innovation through ground-breaking research, publishing, and forging a competitive edge that fuels national development.
Nigerians expect our doctoral graduates to make significant contributions to the creation of new knowledge, the development of life-saving medical interventions, undergraduate education, and the shaping of social programmes and policies. Our PhD should adapt to the demands of the 21st century for a degree that fosters the development of personal and professional skills to support all critical sectors and promote human development indices.
As society continues to evolve and the universe faces new challenges, the need for acquiring more specialised knowledge will continue to increase hence the need for more doctorate holders.
The training of future graduates, national development and knowledge transfer depends on the quality and quantity of PhD graduates. Nigeria, with a population of over 200 million people and 170 Universities in 2023 (79 private, 43 federal, and 48 state universities) and numerous applications for licencing of new universities, the requirement and demand for more doctorate holders will keep soaring.
However, there is the need to ensure that the curriculum adds value and that the quality of graduates meets international best practices and those conferred with the degree reason philosophically.
Both wrote from Bingham University, Karu, Nasarawa State
General News
Firm Gives Advice on How to Stay Secure as AI, robots and VR are Redefining Family Life

Over the past 10 years, families have experienced shifts in structure and a perceived increase in fragmented interactions at home, largely driven by the pervasive use of technology and changing social norms. What does the next decade hold in store?

According to a global survey* by Kaspersky’s market research center, an overwhelming 81% of people believe digitalisation will fundamentally alter families’ joint pastimes within the next decade. This shift points to a future where bonding is mediated by advanced technology, creating new rituals and challenges in equal measure.
Screen time is family time, but it has its risks
Nearly half (48%) of all respondents envision AI-powered bedtime stories becoming a norm, a figure that rises to 53% among 18–34-year-olds. Today, apps and smart devices offer AI-narrated tales with customisable characters and plot twists.
For the busy parent, it presents a novel aid, for the child, an endlessly patient, interactive storyteller.
Meanwhile, with 31% of families anticipating children opting for digital pets over real ones, it seems that ‘man’s best friend’ just got its first update.
It should be noted, however, that while AI has the potential to enrich a child’s life, it necessitates vigilance. When children interact with AI, for stories or learning, parents must be proactive.
Select services with strong privacy policies that do not unnecessarily store or misuse a child’s data or voice interactions and further enhance control with digital parenting assistants like Kaspersky Safe Kids to restrict content and balance screen time.
Parents would be well placed to treat AI interactions as a new digital playground where they can use parental controls to limit session duration, choose vetted, age-appropriate AI story platforms, and most importantly, maintain an open dialogue about what these stories are and how they are created. Explain to children that an AI is a tool, not a friend, and encourage them to report any strange or uncomfortable interactions, just as they would in the physical world.
The key is to ensure AI complements human interaction, not replaces the comfort of a parent’s voice.
Blowing out the digital candles
Another 43% predict family celebrations migrating to video call formats as a standard, not an exception, a trend accelerated by recent global events but now seen as a permanent fixture for dispersed families.
Meanwhile a daring 26% can imagine taking family vacations entirely in virtual reality. This sounds like the stuff of science fiction, but then 10 years ago, the type of generative AI being used today was not widely anticipated.
This fragmented outlook highlights that the future of family digital activity will not arrive as a uniform wave, but as a series of adoptions shaped by cultural openness and digital infrastructure. For security leaders like Kaspersky, this evolving landscape presents new vectors for risk within the most intimate of spaces, the smart home.
Preparing the digital home for tomorrow’s family
43% of all respondents foresee home robots as family members. Moving beyond voice-activated personal assistants or autonomous vacuum cleaners, these would be embodied AI companions capable of tutoring, playing games, or providing companionship.
In the eyes of hackers, however, every new device, from a VR headset to a robot nanny, is a potential entry point. To keep things secure, change default passwords immediately, ensure all device firmware is regularly updated, and segment your home network.
Use Kaspersky Premium with a Smart Home Monitor which scans users’ home Wi-Fi network 24/7, and shows a list of devices connected to it, including such details as device type, OS and IP address, and alerts when a new or unknown device connects.
As robots, AI, and VR devices become part of the family circle, security must be foundational, not an afterthought.
“The accelerating pace of technology is not fragmenting the family but redefining its shared spaces. The future, as seen by the global majority, is one where digital and physical experiences blend to create new forms of togetherness, from a grandparent joining a birthday party via hologram to a child caring for a digital pet with a sibling across the globe.
“The challenge and opportunity lie in building secure digital environments with intention, ensuring they are safe, respectful, and ultimately, tools that bring us closer,” comments Seifallah Jedidi, Head of Consumer Channel for META at Kaspersky.
General News
Corporate Comms in the Age of Crypto: Why Nigeria’s Digital Finance Future Depends on Trust

By John Kokome
By the time you finish reading this article, the price of Bitcoin may have changed twice. That is the nature of cryptocurrency, fast, volatile, and borderless. Yet beyond price charts and trading apps lies a less discussed but critical pillar of Nigeria’s digital finance revolution: corporate communications. In the age of crypto, communication is no longer a support function. It is infrastructure.

Nigeria is one of the world’s fastest-growing crypto markets. Chainalysis ranked the country second globally in cryptocurrency adoption in 2023, driven largely by everyday retail users rather than institutions.
Between July 2023 and June 2024 alone, Nigerians received an estimated $59 billion in cryptocurrency value, the highest in Sub-Saharan Africa. Yet public perception remains sharply divided, crypto is seen as opportunity by some and risk or outright scam by others.
In such an environment, how crypto companies communicate can determine whether they earn trust, attract scrutiny, or lose credibility entirely.
The Complexity Challenge
Blockchain, decentralised finance, wallets, custody, smart contracts etc., are not everyday concepts for most Nigerians. Yet millions are expected to trust these systems with their savings, businesses, and livelihoods.
Corporate communications must therefore evolve from promotion to translation. Crypto companies must become educators, simplifying complex ideas without downplaying risks.
Hype must give way to clarity; speculation must yield to responsibility.
Some homegrown platforms, including FlashChange and other emerging African crypto brands, have begun prioritising financial literacy and user education. That shift is encouraging, but it must become the industry norm, not the exception.
Trust as a Strategic Asset
Trust in financial institutions is fragile globally, but particularly so in emerging markets where currency devaluation and policy uncertainty are familiar experiences. Crypto gained traction in Nigeria partly because people sought alternatives.
Still, crypto companies cannot assume automatic trust. In traditional banking, trust has been built over decades. In crypto, trust is built in real time, on social media, customer support channels, and community forums.
A single outage, security breach, or regulatory misunderstanding can escalate into a reputational crisis. Silence is read as guilt. Ambiguity feels deceptive. Delay looks incompetent. In Nigeria’s fast-moving digital ecosystem, communication speed must match market speed.
Nigeria’s policy evolution on crypto reinforces this point. In December 2023, the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) issued guidelines allowing banks to open accounts for Virtual Asset Service Providers, effectively shifting from restriction to regulation.
The CBN acknowledged that global trends demand oversight, not exclusion, while warning of risks related to money laundering, terrorism financing, and consumer protection gaps.
The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has echoed this stance, emphasising that Nigeria’s digital asset future must be anchored on innovation, collaboration, and trust, with clear licensing and investor protection frameworks.The message is clear: crypto is now part of Nigeria’s financial architecture, and communication is central to compliance.
A Young, Digital Audience
Nigeria’s demographics explain crypto’s momentum. According to the National Bureau of Statistics, over 63 percent of Nigerians are under 25, and internet penetration now exceeds 50 percent, driven largely by mobile broadband. This digital-native population consumes information quickly, questions authority openly, and shapes narratives in real time.
Corporate communications teams must engage this audience with transparency and relevance, not marketing noise.
Crisis Communications in a 24/7 Market
Crypto markets never sleep. Crises do not respect office hours. Hacks, liquidity shocks, and regulatory announcements can happen at any moment.
Communications teams must therefore operate like newsrooms prepared, responsive, and coordinated. Pre-approved crisis playbooks, trained spokespersons, and real-time monitoring are no longer optional.
Most importantly, crisis communication must be human-centred. Nigerians want clear answers: Is my money safe? What happened? What comes next?
Brands that respond with honesty and empathy endure. Those that hide behind jargon do not.
Narrative Capital vs Market Share
In Nigeria’s crowded fintech and crypto space, companies often compete on fees and features. But the most durable advantage is narrative capital the credibility and emotional connection built over time.
Narrative capital determines whether users stay during downturns, regulators listen during consultations, and the media seek your voice. Platforms like FlashChange have a responsibility to tell Africa’s crypto story with authenticity, data, and purpose.
From Evangelists to Translators
Nigeria no longer needs crypto evangelists promising disruption. It needs translators, professionals who connect blockchain to remittances, wallets to small businesses, and decentralisation to economic opportunity.
As crypto matures, corporate communications will increasingly determine its legitimacy. Code may power platforms, but communication powers confidence. And confidence, more than any algorithm, will decide whether digital finance fulfils its promise for Nigeria.
John Kokome is the Corporate Communications Manager at FlashChange, a fintech platform redefining secure digital asset exchange. With experience across fintech, cryptocurrency, telecoms, and development communications in Africa. He currently leads strategic storytelling, reputation management, and stakeholder engagement initiatives at the company, focusing on building trust, transparency, and financial literacy in the digital assets space. John’s work sits at the intersection of policy, technology, and public perception, with a strong emphasis on Africa-first narratives and responsible innovation. He has contributed opinion pieces and thought leadership articles on governance, youth empowerment, branding, and Nigeria’s evolving digital economy.
General News
Senate confirms Oyewole as Supreme Court justice

Senate has confirmed Hon. Justice Joseph Olubunmi Kayode Oyewole, JCA, as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Nigeria.

Hon. Justice Joseph Olubunmi Kayode Oyewole, JCA
The confirmation was concluded on Tuesday, February 3, following the presentation and consideration of a report by the Senate Committee on Judiciary, Human Rights and Legal Matters.
The report was presented by the committee’s chairman, Senator Adeniyi Adegbonmire of the All Progressives Congress, representing Ondo Central.
Presenting the report, Senator Adegbonmire said: “That the Senate do Receive and Consider the Report of the Committee on Judiciary, Human Rights & Legal Matters on the confirmation of the nomination of Hon. Justice Joseph Olubunmi Kayode Oyewole, JCA, as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Nigeria.”
The confirmation followed a formal request by Bola Tinubu, who wrote to the Senate last Tuesday seeking legislative approval for the appointment. The letter was read on the floor of the Senate by the President of the Senate, Godswill Akpabio.
In the letter, President Tinubu stated: “Pursuant to Section 231 (2) of the 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria as amended.
“I am pleased to present for confirmation by the Senate the appointment of Hon. Justice Oyewole Kayode as Justice of the Supreme Court of Nigeria. While it is my hope that the Senate will consider and confirm the nomination expeditiously, please accept the assurances of my highest regards.”
Following the reading of the letter, Akpabio referred the executive communication to the Senate Committee on Judiciary, Human Rights and Legal Matters for further legislative action.
The committee was directed to carry out its work and report back to the Senate as soon as possible, a process that culminated in the confirmation approved by the chamber.
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